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For people with heart disease, leisure exercise reduces feeling of hopelessness

As defined for a small study presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions, “state” hopelessness is how pessimistic and hopeless a person feels at the moment, while “trait” hopelessness is chronic, occurring over a period of time. According to press information, past studies have linked the feeling of hopelessness to the development and worsening of coronary heart disease and a higher risk of complications and death.

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